专升本英语零基础备考——特殊句式
不定代词one、every、each、everybody、everyone、one of、no one、nothing、nobody、somebody、either、neither、many a 等作主语或修饰主语时看作单数，谓语动词用单数
Neither of them is guilty.
他们两人都无罪。
Every boy and girl shows great interest in English.
每个男孩和女孩对英语表现出很大的兴趣。
表示国家、机构、事件、作品等专有名词作主语时应看作单数，谓语动词用单数
Gone with the Wind is a good book known to lovers of English.
《飘》是英语爱好者熟悉的一本好书。
China plays an important role in the international affairs.
中国在国际事务中起着重要作用。
由some、several、both、few、many、a number of等修饰主语，看作复数，谓语动词用复数。
Both of us are basketball players.
我们两个都是篮球运动员。
Some people are playing volleyball and some are lying in the sun.
有些人打排球，有些人躺着晒太阳。
★考点链接
One-third of areacovered with green trees. About seventy percent of the trees been planted.
A. are; have
B. is; has
C. is; have
D. are; has
答案及解析：
C 考查主谓一致，“地区”作主语，不管前面的修饰定语是什么，均为单数；后半句主语是“trees”，复数名词作主语，谓语动词用复数。
There be句型
There be 结构在英语中是一种特殊的句式
①表示“在什么地方或时间存在（发生）什么事”
②常用“there be+名词+地点/时间状语”的结构
③Be应与它后面的主语保持一致，如果出现并列主语，遵循“就近原则”
There is a pen and some pencils in the pencil-box.
在文具盒里面有一支钢笔和一些铅笔。
结构
肯定结构
there be 句型的肯定结构表示“某处存在某物或某人”
There are some ducks on the lake.
瓶子里面有一些果汁。
否定结构
there be 句型的否定结
构是在谓语动词be的后面加not或no。
There are no books on the desk.
桌子上没有书。
疑问结构
there和be倒装。
Are there any people in the room？
房间里面有人吗？
时态
一般过去时：there was/were
一般现在时：there is/are
一般将来时：there will be
There will be (=There is going to be ) a show on Wednesday.
过去将来时：there would be
There would be a magic show at the theatre on Sunday。
现在完成时：there has/have been
There have been lots of accidents round here.
这里已经发生多起事故了。
拓展用法
There is no use +动名词 意为“…无用”
There is no use waiting any longer.
再等下午是没有用的。
There is nothing more…than 意为“再…不过了”
There is nothing more than dangerous than an illusion of security.
太平无事的幻觉是再危险不过的了。
There is a possibility of (或that) 意为“…是有可能的”
There is a possibility that I may be able to go to Australia.
我去澳大利亚是有可能的。
★考点链接
Therean English Evening next Tuesday．
A．was
B．will be
C．will have
D．are going
to be
答案及解析：
B 本题考查there be固定句型，根据next Tuesday 知道本题用一般将来时，there be 的将来时是there will be。
倒装句
部分倒装
部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词放至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添助动词do、does或did，并将其置于主语之前。
Never have I watched such a moving film.
我从未看过如此感人的一部电影。
Hardly had I gone out of the school when I met my father.
我刚走出学校，就遇见了我爸爸。
Only in this way can the experiment succeed.
(状语从句置于句首，句子用部分倒装)
唯有这样做，实验才能成功。
完全倒装
完全倒装是指将句子的谓语动词全部置于主语之前，一般用于一般现在时和一般过去时。
Here is your pen.
你的笔。
Then came the bus.
公交车来了。
祈使句倒装
Long live the People’s Republic of China
中华人民共和国万岁
May you succeed！
祝你成功。
★考点链接
Not until I began to work how much time I had wasted.
A. didn’t realize
B. did I realize
C. I didn’t realize
D. I realized.
答案及解析：
B 本题考查倒装句，not until +倒装部分+did +主句部分。
强调句
强调句型的基本结构
it +be+被强调股份+that+句子其他部分
如果要强调谓语动词，则用助动词do/does/did
在强调句型中，无论被
强调的是人是物，单数还是复数。Be动词一律用单数is/was形式
It was Teacher Li that(who) sent me the letter.
（强调主语）
给我寄信的正是李老师。
It is the book they talked about the day yesterday.
（强调宾语）
这就是他们昨天讨论的那本书。
It was on Monday morning that all this happened.
（强调状语）
所有这一切都是发生在星期一早上。
It is only when one is ill that one realizes the importance of exercise.
（强调状语）
人们只有在生病时才意识到锻炼的重要性。
强调句的特征就是如果把“it…be…that…”从句中划去，所剩也刚好是一个完整的句子
陈述句的强调句型
It’s Tony who left the keys.
是托尼昨天丢失了钥匙。
一般疑问句的强调句型
Is/was it +被强调部分+that/who+其他
Was it Tom that finished the job。
完成工作的是吉姆吗？
特殊疑问句的强调句型
被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+is/was+it+that/who+其他部分
When was it that you were born?
你是什么时候出生的？
Not…until…句型的强调
It is/was not until +被强调部分+that+其他部分
It was not until his mother came home that he went to bed.
直到他妈妈回来，他才去睡觉。
★考点链接
Was it on a lonely island he was saved several years
after the boat went down?
A. where B .that C. which D. what
答案及解析:
B 本题考查强调句，一般疑问句的强调句型为:was it+被强调部分（on a lonely island）+that+其他，和题目对比之后，缺少that。
