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no-repeat rgba(191,191,191,0.7);background-size:cover;cursor:pointer!important;}@-webkit-keyframes animation-1yvu044{from{opacity:0;}to{opacity:1;}}@keyframes animation-1yvu044{from{opacity:0;}to{opacity:1;}}从哑巴英语到英语脱口而出要多久？

我摸索了 4 年。

现在我想把我曾经走过的弯路，最终从哑巴英语逆袭到英语翻译硕士的秘密，毫无保留地分享给你。

话不多少，先上大纲，精简版的思维导图在这里:

首先，在正式开始介绍学习方法前，先纠正几个常见的错误思维和练习方法，全部我曾经一条条踩过的雷，希望大家不要再犯啦。

口语练习的常见误区

误区一:口语不好是因为词汇量不够

你是不是会有这样的情况:

明明一个单词可以简简单单地用 good 形容，话到嘴边，马上就要说出来，

突然一想，能不能换个更高级的词汇？

于是绞尽脑汁，憋到满脸通红，

紧张地能用脚趾在地上抠出一套北京二环内的三居室，

结果还是不知道怎么说，嘴里吞吞吐吐地蹦出…good。

于是乎，我们理所当然地认为口语不好是因为词汇量不够。

「abandon, abandon, abandon，放弃….」

结果不出一周就真的放弃了。

以上就是我曾经学习英语的真实写照，我觉得作为一个英专生，尤其要体现自己的专业性，用词必须高级丰富。

于是和很多人一样，拿着单词书从第一页开始背，背着背着就 abandon 了。

这是典型的错误认知和学习方法，因为口语的好坏不是单纯地由词汇量决定，而是由语言逻辑、语法结构、词汇准确度和发音综合决定。

我们可以看下雅思口语的评分标准:

第一，语言的流畅度和连贯性

第二，语法知识的广度和准确度

第三，词汇运用是否准确合适

第四，发音是否标准

从以上可以看出，词汇仅是判定口语的标准之一，而且考官更在乎的是词汇的运用是否准确到位，而并非高级。

能同义替换最好，能用到丰富的表达更好，如果不能，记住 less is more, 能将小词活用到位，这也是一种高级。

举例来说，go 这个单词除了「走、出发」的意思以外，在口语中还可以表「选择」。

ill go with the burgundy，意思就是我想要紫色的。

你看，仅仅一个 go，可比 want, choose, pick 这些单词的表达更自然、地道一些。这就是小词活用的妙处。

其实我们大学四级掌握的词汇量足以应对我们日常生活交流，只是大部分人都不知道怎么用。

所以请跳出「不会说是因为词汇量不够」的思维怪圈，跟着我耐心往下看，后文告诉你口语练习的秘密。

误区二:只要多说多练口语就能提升了

我们常常说，不要怕犯错误，口语就是要多说多练。

确实如此，多说多练能让我们克服心理障碍。但这种做法往往只会让我们更厚脸皮而已，对口语内容的表达，没有实质性地帮助。

因为任何进步的前提，一定是能发现自己的错误，改正，然后提升。

中英文的语法结构有很大不同，中式思维会无意识地导致我们在说英文时犯很低级的语法错误。

比如中文一个 ta，就能代指他、她、它，而英文却要区分 he, she, it。

所以很多人在说英文时，比较常犯的错误是，前面还在讲 a boy，后面就说 she 了，更不用说各种时态、三人称单数和单复数问题了。

更可怕的是，大多数人对自己的错误是不敏感的。

对话中基本都是你一言我一句，互相给个眼神，比划个手势，瞬间就能 get 到对方的意思，所以大多数人并不是很 care 自己语言表达的正确性，更不懂判断。

这样的结果是，因为缺乏正确的指导和纠正，我们反反复复说的都是错的，这样的练习有什么意义呢？它只会让你更有勇气犯错了而已。

我大学和读研期间，参加过大大小小不少的英语角，几乎每个英语角都有类似的体会。我见过很多在英语角躲在角落不敢说话的人，也见过很多看起来谈笑风生，但是凑近一听，连 he、she 都用不明白，有点唏嘘。

口语真的不是多说多练就够了，想要自己的口语内容经得起审视，一定是经过大量的刻意练习和纠正。

别担心，后文手把手教你纠正的办法。

误区三:大量背诵口语就能好

亲测，不是非常有决心和毅力的人，企图通过大量背诵在短时间内迅速提高口语，只会加速你放弃的进程。

大量的篇章背诵在某种程度上能提高我们的语感，但如果仅仅只是不加理解的背诵，而且不知道如何运用，只会让你有种沉重的负担感和挫败感。

以我自己的例子来说，受哑巴英语困扰很久，我终于下定决心要克服它。

于是大二那年我给自己报名了上海高级口译证。

考试的第一部分内容是抽话题即兴演讲，这部分对口语的能力要求很高，而我迫切地寄希望于考试压力，逼自己提升口语。

于是，我每天 6 点起床，室友还在睡觉的时候，我就拿着厚厚的口译书去学校湖边背书。由于考试时间紧迫，我压力很大，背到这一章节的政治经济话题，我又想加快进度，快点背下一章节的人文景观话题，背到人文景观，我又想回过头复习前面的话题。总之，我囫囵吞枣把全书背了一通，好像每个都会点，但是每个话题都不怎么熟练，也不怎么理解。

结果可想而知，我费了很大功夫，最终还是挂了。

这种练习方式，就是典型的吃力不讨好。

因此，除非是意志非常坚定的人，我不建议大家采取成篇成篇背诵的方式去积累语料，过重的背诵内容会让你有种压力。

如果背不下来，心理上就会有愧疚感。这种愧疚感又会加重我们的焦虑感。心态被扰乱了，学习的定力就不够了，所以才会三天打鱼两天晒网。

长期的挫败感就会让我们没有什么动力坚持下去。这也是很多人的疑问，我明明很努力地练口语，但是为什么一点长进都没有？

不是你不够努力，而是你努力的方向不对。

下面我将自己 4 年来自己摸索的口语练习方法毫无保留地分享出来，前方高能预警，干货来袭。

口语练习的正确方法

一、只做有效输入

什么是有效输入？学的东西能马上为我们所用，这叫有效输入。

而我们大多数人的做法是无效输入。

我们平时是怎么学英语的呢？背了厚厚一本英语书，等到要用的时候，就拼命在脑海开始搜索词汇、句型，然后联想到它的中文意思，再转述成英语。等你说出来的时候，早就憋到满脸通红啦。

想要为我们所用，就要达到两种状态。

一是我们能从脑海中迅速地将信息提取出来。

二是反应时效够快，对英文的敏感度应像中文一样，听到看到就能产生条件反射。

这两种状态都离不开有效输入。接下来，重点来啦，怎么做有效输入呢？

1、由背单词书，改为听单词+看图片