2021年北京市朝阳区高三英语二模试题逐题解析与高考动态雅思考研…(2021年北京市中考语文试卷及答案)

：

2021年北京市朝阳区高三【二模】英语
本试卷共10页。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分:知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节完形填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
making my own bicycle
制作我自己的自行车

it was a saturday morning. james and i were at the bamboo bicycle club, ready for our bamboo bicycle building course.
那是一个星期六的早晨。詹姆斯和我在竹制自行车俱乐部，准备我们的竹制自行车建造课程。
the first step was setting up the structure for holding the frame (骨架) in place. after that we were told to ___1___ the bamboo to be of use, which was a delicate job. there were several things to ___2___. of course, finding pieces that were the color we wanted was just as important.
第一步是建立起支撑框架的结构。在那之后，我们被告知要挑选可用的竹子，这是一项精细的工作。有几件事需要注意。当然，找到我们想要的颜色同样重要。
the rest of the afternoon was spent ___3___ each piece of the frame into the structure. bamboo is fairly flexible, and this particular ___4___ meant that some adjustments were really necessary. one problem lining up the two chains causes ___5___ made our frame useless. luckily, however, after some careful ___6___, we confirmed that it was alright. there was just enough space to fit a wheel.
下午剩下的时间都用来固定框架的每一块到结构上。竹子是相当灵活的，这种特殊的质量意味着一些调整是非常必要的。一个问题是，这两条链导致几乎使我们的框架无用。不过，幸运的是，经过一些仔细的检查，我们确认它没有问题。有足够的空间放一个轮子。
on sunday morning we returned to the workshop to complete the final ___7___. we began to tightly wrap each joint on the frame, to keep it ___8___ with natural fibers kept in special glue. all that was left now was for it to dry. in a few hours we would be official members of the bamboo bicycle club.
周日上午，我们回到车间完成最后的工序。我们开始把每个连接处都紧紧地包裹在框架上，用天然纤维用特殊的胶水粘牢。现在只剩下让它晾干了。再过几个小时，我们就会成为竹自行车俱乐部的正式会员了。
finally we finished our job. i couldn’t wait to ___9___ our bicycle to find out what it was really like to ride a bamboo bicycle. it felt just as ____10____ as any bicycle, but softer and more relaxed. now, every time i get on our bicycle, i can’t help smiling. it reminds me of when james and i built it and makes me proud of myself.
最后我们完成了我们的工作。我迫不及待地想试试我们的自行车，看看骑一辆竹制自行车到底是什么感觉。它感觉和任何自行车一样好用，但更柔软、更放松。现在，每次我骑上我们的自行车，我都忍不住微笑。它让我想起了我和詹姆斯建造它的时候，让我为自己感到骄傲。

【答案】1. d；2. b；3. a；4. c；5. b；6. a；7. d；8. c；9. b；10. d；
【刘凯老师解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。一个星期六的早晨，作者和詹姆斯在竹制自行车俱乐部，准备他们的竹制自行车建造课程。文章讲述了制作过程和感受。
1. a. return b. cover
c. deliver d. select
【1题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那之后，我们被告知要挑选可用的竹子，这是一项精细的工作。a. return返回；b. cover覆盖；c. deliver递送；d. select挑选。根据“to be of use”可知，此处是指挑选出可用的竹子。故选d。
2. a. bring in b. watch for
c. take over d. give away
【2题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：有几件事需要注意。a. bring in引进；b. watch for注意；c. take over接管；d. give away赠送。根据“which was a delicate job”可知，因为这个工作很精细，所以有几件事需要注意。故选b。
3. a. fixing b. changing
c. leaving d. mixing
【3题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：下午剩下的时间都用来固定框架的每一块到结构上。a. fixing固定；b. changing改变；c. leaving离开；d. mixing混合。根据“each piece of the frame”和“into the structure”可知，此处是指固定框架的每一块到结构上。故选a。
4. a. angle b. position
c. quality d. stage
【4题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：竹子是相当灵活的，这种特殊的质量意味着一些调整是非常必要的。a. angle角度；b. position位置；c. quality质量；d. stage舞台。根据“bamboo is fairly flexible”可知，this是指竹子的特质。故选c。
5. a. only b. almost
c. seldom d. still
【5题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：连接这两条链子导致的一个问题几乎让我们的框架无用。a. only只有；b. almost几乎；c. seldom很少；d. still仍然。根据“luckily”可知，最后问题解决了，所以是几乎让我们的框架无用。故选b。
6. a. checks b. requests
c. preparations d. links
【6题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不过，幸运的是，经过一些仔细的检查，我们确认它没有问题。a. checks检查；b. requests要求；c. preparations准备；d. links连接。根据“confirmed”可知，此处是指通过仔细的检查确认没有问题。故选a。
7. a. report b. command
c. judgement d. process
【7题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：周日上午，我们回到车间完成最后的工序。a. report报告；b. command命令；c. judgement判断；d. process工艺流程。根据“we returned to the workshop”可知，此处是指完成最后的工序。故选d。
8. a. smooth b. heavy
c. firm d. slim
【8题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们开始把每个连接处都紧紧地包裹在框架上，用天然纤维和特殊胶水粘合牢固。a. smooth光滑的；b. heavy沉重的；c. firm牢固的；d. slim苗条的。根据“we began to tightly wrap each joint on the frame”可知，此处是指把它粘牢。故选c。
9. a. charge b. test
c. seek d. equip
【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我迫不及待地想试试我们的自行车，看看骑一辆竹制自行车到底是什么感觉。a. charge充电；b. test测试；c. seek寻找；d. equip配备。根据“to find out what it was really like to ride a bamboo bicycle”可知，此处是指试试自行车。故选b。
10. a. complicated b. accurate
c. suitable d. capable
【10题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它感觉和任何自行车一样好用，但更柔软、更放松。a. complicated复杂的；b. accurate精确的；c. suitable适合的；d. capable有能力的。根据“as any bicycle”可知，这辆自行车虽然是竹子做的，但是和其它自行车一样好用。故选d。

第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分, 共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
a
evan is a wildlife photographer. once, two tigers ___11___ (run) past him, stopped a meter away from his truck and began to fight. he was too afraid to photograph them. another time in namibia, one lion came even ___12___ (close). it went all the way round his truck. then it got up on the back and looked at him ___13___ the window, which was one of his happiest moments. evan’s pictures make people think about animals in danger, which matters a great deal to him.
【答案】11. ran；12. closer；13. through；
【刘凯老师解析】这是一篇记叙文。埃文是一名野生动物摄影师，他的照片能够让人们对濒危动物进行反思，这对他意义重大。文章讲述了埃文的两次有趣的拍摄经历。
【11题详解】考查一般过去时。句意：有一次，两只老虎从他身边跑过，停在离他的卡车一米远的地方，开始打架。根据once（曾经）可知，此处应用一般过去时，和下文的stopped以及began作为并列的谓语动词。故填ran。
【12题详解】考查比较级。句意：还有一次在纳米比亚，一只狮子更靠近了。在even后应用比较级。故填closer。
【13题详解】考查介词。句意：然后它爬上车后面，透过窗户看着他，这是他最快乐的时刻之一。根据“it went all the way round his truck”（它一直绕着他的卡车）可知，这只狮子在车外面，所以此处是指透过窗户看着他，应用介词through。故填through。
b
rubbish and litter is not just a problem in the countryside-our cities and towns also suffer. the big tidy up was started in 2008 and volunteers in the uk ___14___(collect) more than 50,000 bags of litter in streets and parks up to now. many schools organise events in september ___15___(tidy) up their areas. they get help with special jackets, so they are safe when they clean up. the project aims to get bigger each year and get more people to take responsibility for their ___16___(community).
【答案】14. have collected；15. to tidy；16. communities；
【刘凯老师解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“大清洁”活动始于2008年，到目前为止，英国的志愿者已经在街道和公园里收集了5万多袋垃圾。许多学校在九月组织活动来整理他们的区域。该项目旨在让更多的人为他们的社区承担责任。
【14题详解】考查动词时态。句意：“大清洁”活动始于2008年，到目前为止，英国的志愿者已经在街道和公园里收集了5万多袋垃圾。根据后文“up to now”可知，应用现在完成时，主语为volunteers，助动词用have。故填have collected。
【15题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多学校在九月组织活动来整理他们的区域。分析句子结构可知，tidy在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to tidy。
【16题详解】考查名词的数。句意：该项目旨在每年扩大规模，让更多的人为他们的社区承担责任。community为可数名词，根据上文their可知，数量大于一，应用复数形式。故填communities。
c
parents these days seem to protect their children more than ever before. and yet the truth is that children must ___17___ (give) the opportunity to take risks in order to aid their development. by the time a child becomes an adult, he needs to learn ___18___ they can deal with the success and failure connected with risk-taking. it is a real shame that nowadays there are many children ___19___ (miss) out on typical childhood activities such as tree climbing. that is mostly because of their parents’ fear of ___20___ (injure), especially as many of those parents may have enjoyed such activities when they were growing up.
【答案】17. be given；18. how；19. missing；20. injury；
【刘凯老师解析】这是一篇议论文。作者认为如今的父母似乎比以往任何时候都更加保护自己的孩子，但事实是，为了帮助孩子们的发展，必须给他们冒险的机会。
【17题详解】考查被动语态和情态动词用法。句意：然而，事实是，为了帮助孩子们的发展，必须给他们冒险的机会。动词give和主语children构成被动关系，在情态动词must后应用动词原形。故填be given。
【18题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：当一个孩子长大成人后，他需要学习如何处理与冒险有关的成功和失败。在宾语从句中，不缺少主语、宾语或表语，根据learn可知，此处是指如何处理与冒险有关的成功和失败，应用连接副词how表示“如何”。故填how。
【19题详解】考查现在分词。句意：现在有许多孩子错过了像爬树这样典型的童年活动，这是一件令人遗憾的事情。动词miss意为“错过”，和逻辑主语children构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词作后置定语。故填missing。
【20题详解】考查名词。句意：这主要是因为他们的父母害怕受伤，尤其是这些父母在成长过程中可能已经享受过这样的活动。在of后作宾语应用名词injury表示“伤害”。故填injury。
第二部分:阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
a
sevenhugs hugone

do you want to improve the quality of your sleep? sevenhugs has created hugone that tracks different sleep patterns to help families consistently rest better. there are dozens of devices and tools devoted to monitoring the sleep. but, hugone is the world’s first family smart home sleep system, which integrates a calculation rule for sleep patterns of children and adults.
hugone is a well-designed product, full of a sense of science and technology. it connects to a number of smaller sensors called “minihugs”, which are placed on the edge of each bed. they monitor the sleep patterns and other data coming from the person sleeping in that bed. the data are then sent to an app on the smartphone.
● the benefits of hugone include:
* having a smart alarm clock on the app as hugone learns your sleep cycle and automatically sets and sounds to when the best moment in your sleep cycle is identified.
* monitoring temperature and humidity in your bedroom as well as indoor air quality for the main living space.
* linking with smart lamps and thermostats, allowing users to fall asleep with sunset light and preferred nighttime temperatures, and wake up to sunrise light and preferred daytime temperatures.
* ensuring safety from electronic transmissions when you sleep-when the minihug senses a presence in bed, it shuts off its electronic transmissions and starts recording sleep data and sending them to the app.
● the following are selected from customers’ comments:
i prefer hugone, since it’s convenient to use. i simply place the minihug in the corner of my bed under the sheet and it goes to work monitoring my sleep cycle. it’s really good.
—robert compton
● hugone available for purchase includes:
i think hugone is a humanized product. it’s shareable, and i’ve connected eight minihugs to the hugone base in my house. all my family members think highly of it.
—chris hanawalt
hugone will provide maximum protection for your sleep. if you want to get more detailed information, please call the sellers at 1-800-576-1899 or visit devicesforbettersleep.com.
style: sleep tracking system ＋ 2 sleep sensors
colour: blue ＋ rose

【答案】21. c；22. d；23. d；
【刘凯老师解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一款名为hugone的产品，可以提供人们的睡眠质量。介绍了hugone的好处、用户评价和联系方式等信息。
21. how does hugone effectively work?
a. it controls sleep patterns automatically.
b. it creates smart systems for a better sleep.
c. it collects sleep data through the minihugs.
d. it makes a calculation of the data sensors need.
【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“it connects to a number of smaller sensors called “minihugs”, which are placed on the edge of each bed. they monitor the sleep patterns and other data coming from the person sleeping in that bed. the data are then sent to an app on the smartphone.(它与许多被称为“minihugs”的更小的传感器相连，这些传感器被放置在每张床的边缘。他们监测睡在那张床上的人的睡眠模式和其他数据。数据随后被发送到智能手机上的应用程序)”可知，hugone通过minihugs收集睡眠数据来有效工作。故选c。
22. according to the passage, hugone can ______.
a. adjust temperature, humidity and air quality in bedrooms
b. update the sleep cycles by aid of an alarm clock on the app
c. record sleep data when there are electronic transmissions in bed
d. help users fall asleep and wake up naturally with preferred temperatures
【22题详解】细节理解题。根据●the benefits of hugone include部分中“* linking with smart lamps and thermostats, allowing users to fall asleep with sunset light and preferred nighttime temperatures, and wake up to sunrise light and preferred daytime temperatures. (*连接智能灯和恒温器，让用户在日落光线和喜欢的夜间温度下入睡，在日出光线和喜欢的白天温度下醒来)”可知，hugone可以帮助用户在理想的温度下自然入睡和醒来。故选d。
23. the passage is made more believable by ______.
a. providing statistics
b. drawing a comparison
c. giving a demonstration
d. using recommendations
【23题详解】推理判断题。根据●the following are selected from customers’ comments(以下是从客户意见中选择的)部分中“i prefer hugone, since it’s convenient to use. i simply place the minihug in the corner of my bed under the sheet and it goes to work monitoring my sleep cycle. it’s really good.(我更喜欢hugone，因为它使用起来很方便。我只是把这个minihug放在床的角落里，然后它就开始监测我的睡眠周期。它真的很好用)”以及“i think hugone is a humanized product. it’s shareable, and i’ve connected eight minihugs to the hugone base in my house. all my family members think highly of it.(我认为hugone是一个人性化的产品。它是可以分享的，我已经把8个minihugs连接到我家里的hugone中心。我所有的家人都对它评价很高)”可知，文章通过用户推荐来让文章变得更加可信。故选d。
b
my biggest challenge
我最大的挑战

as a writer on an adventure sports magazine, i’d always fought shy of doing the adventurous stuff myself, preferring instead to observe the experts from a safe distance and relay their experiences to readers in the form of written language. thus, when i was challenged to take part in a mountain climb in aid of raising money for charity — and to write about it afterwards — i was unwilling, to say the least.
i was lucky enough to have a brilliant climbing coach called keith, who put me through my paces after my daily work. he gave me knowledge about everything from the importance of building muscle groups to how to avoid tiredness through nutrition. it quickly became apparent that the mechanics of climbing were more complex than i had imagined. there was the equipment and techniques i’d never even heard of, all of which would come in handy on the snow-capped peak i’d be climbing.

aware of the challenge, keith made a detailed action plan and i forced myself to stick to it, doing a daily workout at the gym and going on hikes with a heavy pack. i perfected my technique on the climbing wall and even went to climb the mountains to get vital experience. my self-belief increased alongside my muscle power and i became confident about finishing the climb.
all too soon i was on a plane to my destination. on that day, when i looked up at the mountain, i thought of abandoning it. but then i remembered all the hard work i’d done and how disappointed keith would be if i gave up at the last minute-not to mention letting down the charity and the sense of failure i’d experience myself. with a deep breath i gathered my equipment and headed out into the sunshine to meet the rest of the group.
and as i sit here now, tapping away on my laptop, i’m amazed at the details in which i can recall every second of the climb: the burning muscles, the tiredness, the minor problems along the way. could i have been better prepared? possibly. would i be back for another go? thankfully not. the feeling of being excited when i stood on top of the world is a never-to-be-repeated experience but one i will enjoy forever nevertheless.

【答案】24. c；25. c；26. a；
【刘凯老师解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者被要求参加一次为慈善筹款的爬山活动，内心很不情愿。在经过训练后，作者成功爬上了山顶，作者很兴奋，但依然庆幸自己以后再也不用爬山了。
24. at the beginning of the activity, the author revealed his ______.
a. disappointment in the coming adventure.
b. expectation of writing about his experience.
c. lack of enthusiasm for the challenge he’d been offered.
d. curiosity about taking part in the mountain climb for charity.
【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“thus, when i was challenged to take part in a mountain climb in aid of raising money for charity — and to write about it afterwards — i was unwilling, to say the least. (因此，当我被要求参加一次为慈善筹款的爬山活动，并在活动结束后将其写下来时，至少可以说，我是不愿意的)”可知，在活动一开始，作者就表现出了对所接受的挑战缺乏热情。故选c。
25. what did the author realise during his climb training?
a. the knowledge about climbing was really confusing.
b. the equipment was the key factor to reach the peak.
c. climbing was much more complicated than expected.
d. hard training was far more important than making plans.
【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“it quickly became apparent that the mechanics of climbing were more complex than i had imagined. (很快我就发现攀岩的技巧比我想象的要复杂得多)”可知，在他的攀岩训练中，作者意识到攀岩比预想的要复杂得多。故选c。
26. how did the author feel after he succeeded in climbing the mountain?
a. he was relieved that he wouldn’t have to do it again.
b. he was well satisfied that he had done his best for it.
c. he was surprised that he had managed to complete it.
d. he was regretful that it wasn’t as smooth as imagined.
【26题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后三句“would i be back for another go? thankfully not. the feeling of being excited when i stood on top of the world is a never-to-be-repeated experience but one i will enjoy forever nevertheless. (我会再来一次吗？值得庆幸的是没有。当我站在世界之巅时那种兴奋的感觉是一种永远不会重复的经历，但我将永远享受这种感觉)”可知，成功地爬上了那座山后，作者很欣慰他不用再这样做了。故选a。
c
the rise of voice technology
语音技术的兴起

voice technology has come a long way. just a few years ago, it would have been unusable. but now, those who follow the technology know that it has got considerably better.
writing with your voice raises several interesting questions. how difficult is it actually? human speech involves a lot more starting and stopping with errors and the need for repairing broken sentences than you may think. even gifted speakers make mistakes. to turn the spoken word into reasonable writing requires lots of planning. you’ll need some kinds of notes or other organisers to make it work.
another question turning speech into writing raises is the style. how would writing make the change that people speak their writing rather than type? chances are that it would come up with many more short sentences and more concrete language, which is good. it would probably also rely on prepared phrases a lot more often, which is not available when you are speaking quickly.
to confirm this, a column was not written, but dictated (听写). it was composed from brief notes written down for structure only, and it was edited for length, with all of the original errors kept in. here were the results. the first was that the literal accuracy was extremely high. there weren’t many cases where the software had heard one word incorrectly and written down another. but the other result was that the readability of this column was rather bad. obviously, the blame is not with the technology at all, which turns out to be rather good. speaking into writing relies on a better human brain than the one we currently possess. writing is hard. there’s a reason it can’t be done at the speed of speech, in real time.

to clarify the matter, this time paragraph breaks were added after the whole writing. punctuations (标点) had to be spoken aloud, and after a full stop, the first word in the new sentence was capitalized automatically. some minor punctuation marks were added to make it clearer. to improve accuracy, people “trained” the software beforehand, reading a prewritten passage aloud. actually it turns out to be more effective. all of these ensure the satisfactory completion of turning speech into writing.
language is the most important tool for human interaction, and voice is one beautiful part of language. with the maturity of modern technology, it has given birth to a great change in the human-computer voice interaction.

【答案】27. d；28. b；29. a；30. d；
【刘凯老师解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要内容讲述的是目前语音技术已经取得了长足的进步，随着技术的成熟，语音转换文字已经实现。
27. according to the passage, which helps to turn speech into writing in terms of style?
a. there is careful planning in advance.
b. errors and broken sentences are avoided.
c. people type words as fast as they say them.
d. the writing contains more prepared phrases.
【27题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“another question turning speech into writing raises is the style. how would writing make the change that people speak their writing rather than type? chances are that it would come up with many more short sentences and more concrete language, which is good. it would probably also rely on prepared phrases a lot more often, which is not available when you are speaking quickly.(将语音转化为文字的另一个问题是文体。文字会如何改变人们用口语书写而不是打字?很有可能它会出现更多的短句和更具体的语言，这很好。也可能更多地依赖于准备好的短语，而当你的语速很快时，这就行不通了。)”可知文字中中包含了更多已备好的短语会对按照文体方式把语音转化成文字有帮助，故选d项。
28. to achieve better results, the author mentions some changes for ______.
a. processing errors in a column.
b. adding minor punctuation marks.
c. increasing the number of brief notes.
d. integrating short paragraphs in writing.
【28题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“some minor punctuation marks were added to make it clearer.(添加了一些小标点符号以使其更清晰。)”可知为了达到更好的效果，作者提到了一些修改，添加次要标点符号。故选b项。
29. the author suggests that ______.
a. human brains are responsible for poor dictated writing.
b. writing with voice promises to improve the quality of writing.
c. writing is an unnatural act that can hardly be learned and improved.
d. technology has a long way to go in the human-computer voice interaction.
【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“obviously, the blame is not with the technology at all, which turns out to be rather good. speaking into writing relies on a better human brain than the one we currently possess.(很明显，责任完全不在技术上，事实证明这是相当好的。语音转换文字依赖于一个比我们现在拥有的更好的人脑。)可知语音转换文字过程中的听写问题不是技术造成，而是需要更好的人类大脑，由此可知，作者表明：人类的大脑是造成听写能力差的原因。故选a项。
30. what is the passage mainly about?
a. why people fully intend to turn speech into writing.
b. what role voice technology plays in improving readability.
c. where the human-computer voice interaction is at an advantage.
d. how voice technology enables the change from speech into writing.
【30题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“voice technology has come a long way. just a few years ago, it would have been unusable. but now, those who follow the technology know that it has got considerably better.(语音技术已经取得了长足的进步。就在几年前，它还无法使用。但是现在，那些关注这项技术的人知道它已经变得更好了。)”以及最后一段“with the maturity of modern technology, it has given birth to a great change in the human-computer voice interaction.(随着现代技术的成熟，人机语音交互发生了巨大的变化。)”结合全文内容描述语音转换文字技术的现状可知，本文的主旨是：语音技术如何实现从语音到文字的转变。故选d项。
d
a bridge linking art and the audience
连接艺术与观众的桥梁

according to a 2018 report, people aged between 16 and 24 make up about 15 percent of the population but only 10 percent of museum-goers. similarly, people aged over 35 go half as much as you would expect from their population size. we have reached the point of recognising the disconnection between art and the audience but haven’t yet determined how to bridge the gap. two answers to tackling this challenge lie in telling a greater diversity of art histories and communicating these stories in more accessible ways.
in 2018, a radio program called art matters was started with the aim of discussing art from a pop-culture viewpoint with topics that would engage younger and more diverse audience. it offers an accessible pathway to art history with conversations on different topics. art history is about storytelling; art content shines when there is an effort to bring audience along for the discussion.
more traditional institutions are paying attention. recently the getty museum issued a social-media challenge for people to recreate paintings using items they had at home. users displayed incredible creativity, and the museum was flooded with submissions. this reaction proves that there is a potential desire for the audience to engage with art topics if the format is appealing. since many people feel intimidated and think that there’s a base level of understanding required to join the conversation, the getty initiative serves as a reminder that there are many pathways to engaging with it.
another result of the getty challenge was the exposure given to a diversity of artworks. the famous opera singer peter brathwaite, for example, made scores of attractive recreations highlighting centuries of black paintings. his efforts opposed the idea that there were not many historical paintings of black figures. it is extremely important that we do a better job of showing the complex and diverse stories that are represented in art.
social media have offered a platform for people who have not traditionally had a seat at the table. anyone can recognise a gap in the field and address it. accounts have gathered tens of thousands of followers. they are the proof that there is hunger to hear these art histories, and these themes work brilliantly for museum programming.
but there is only so much that can be done without the museums and galleries changing meaningfully from within. we need to see a better balance of these stories represented in permanent collections. we also need a much wider diversity of people and interests represented on board. ensuring that art-and writing and talking about art-is able to continue on the rising generation of storytellers, inside and outside of institutions, getting the funding and support they need to paint a brighter picture for the part.

【答案】31. c；32. b；33. b；34. a；
【刘凯老师解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述普通人似乎离艺术很遥远，他们想要参与艺术，但缺乏理解和谈论艺术的渠道，我们需要连接艺术和观众的桥梁。
31. what challenge is the author trying to tackle?
a. people doubt a great diversity of artworks.
b. fewer and fewer young people go to museums.
c. art appears too distant from common audience.
d. adult audience has a different understanding of art.
【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“we have reached the point of recognising the disconnection between art and the audience but haven’t yet determined how to bridge the gap.(我们已经意识到艺术和观众之间的脱节，但还没有决定如何消除这一差距)”可知，作者努力解决的挑战是艺术似乎离普通观众太遥远了。故选c项。
32. what does the underlined word “intimidated” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
a. tired.
b. worried.
c. annoyed.
d. surprised.
【32题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词后的“…think that there’s a base level of understanding required to join the conversation, the getty initiative serves as a reminder that there are many pathways to engaging with it.”可知，由于很多人认为参与对话需要基本水平的理解力，getty博物馆的倡议提醒我们，可以有许多途径来参与其中，由此可推知，很多人感觉担心，参与艺术对话需要基本水平的理解能力，划线词“intimidated”意为“担心的”。故选b项。
33. in the author’s opinion, the museums and galleries should ________.
a. make the art history stories accessible in a traditional way.
b. change meaningfully for activities like the getty challenge.
c. limit the number of storytellers both in and out of institutions.
d. improve the permanent collections by adding famous artworks.
【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“this reaction proves that there is a potential desire for the audience to engage with art topics if the format is appealing.”可知，getty博物馆再创作活动证明，如果艺术形式具有吸引力，观众就有潜在的兴趣参与艺术主题；结合最后一段首句“but there is only so much that can be done without the museums and galleries changing meaningfully from within.”可知，但如果博物馆和画廊不从内部进行有意义的改变，我们能做的就只有这么多了。由此可推知，在作者看来，博物馆和画廊应该作出有意义的改变，举办像getty博物馆那样的再创作活动，才能吸引观众。故选b项。
34. we can conclude from the passage that common audience ________.
a. lacks the channels to understand and talk about art history.
b. prefers to view artworks and hear art stories on social media.
c. feels satisfied with people and interests represented on board.
d. refuses to engage with diverse art topics and art history stories.
【34题详解】推理判断题。第一段中“we have reached the point of recognising the disconnection between art and the audience”提到“我们已经意识到艺术和观众之间的脱节”；根据第二段中“it offers an accessible pathway to art history with conversations on different topics.(它提供了一条通往艺术史的途径，可以就不同的话题进行对话)”及第三段中“the getty initiative serves as a reminder that there are many pathways to engaging with it.(getty博物馆的倡议提醒我们，可以有许多途径来参与其中)”可知，普通观众缺乏理解和谈论艺术史的渠道。故选a项。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
people who can’t count
不会数数的人

a recent study has discovered that dyscalculia, the mathematical inability in reading, affects about 5% of children in britain. there is no simple way of finding out the reason and kids with this learning disability are usually labelled unintelligent.
so what exactly is this learning disability in mathematics? unlike most people, dyscalculics cannot recognise three or four objects. ____35____ for example, they need to count the books on the table before they can say how many there are. in other words, they have to count them one by one. this is where they are different from others. the majority of us, if shown three or four similar things, can immediately recognise them.

___36___ they cannot understand, for instance, why two and three makes five. another problem is not being able to tell which group contains more objects than the other. experiments have proved that dyscalculics have not developed the part of the brain responsible for processing numbers.
there are also problems with the abstract concept of time for dyscalculics. ____37____ if your best friend is always late, he might be suffering from dyscalculia. dyscalculics cannot keep track of time, and they never know how much time they have spent getting ready and how long it will take them to get to work. in addition, research has shown that dyscalculics behave oddly in social situations.____38____ this poor ability can explain why they never know how much change they are due or what kind of budget they need for their holiday.
on the other hand, dyscalculics are very good at creative arts. people suffering from dyscalculia can become painters or poets. dyscalculia does not seem to delay language acquisition. dyscalculic children acquire language at the same time as, if not earlier than, most children and have no problem learning to read or write. ___39___

【答案】35. c；36. a；37. g；38. e；39. f；
【刘凯老师解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章对计算障碍患者的特征进行了介绍，并表明这只是一种学习障碍，而不是智力的普遍表现。
a. dyscalculics have difficulties in using numbers at all.
b. this disability scares children away from learning mathematics.
c. they have to go through the routine of counting even a small number of objects.
d. it is quite reasonable for dyscalculics to solve this kind of specific problem at any time.
e. they never know how much they should tip the waiter or they’ve got left after a shopping trip.
f. we can see that dyscalculia is only a learning disability, not a general indication of intelligence.
g. this can account for their difficulty in reading schedules and remembering the order in which things have happened.
【35题详解】根据后文“for example, they need to count the books on the table before they can say how many there are. (例如，他们需要数桌子上的书，然后才能说出有多少)”可知，此处是指即使数量很少他们也必须数过才知道，所以选项c(他们必须通过例行的计算，即使是少量的对象。)切合文意。故选c。
【36题详解】根据后文“they cannot understand, for instance, why two and three makes five. (例如，他们无法理解为什么二加三等于五)”可知，此处是指计算障碍患者在计算方面有困难，所以选项a(计算障碍患者在使用数字方面有困难)切合文意。故选a。
【37题详解】根据前文“there are also problems with the abstract concept of time for dyscalculics. (对于计算障碍来说，时间的抽象概念也存在问题)”可知，因为时间的抽象概念也存在问题，所以他们阅读日程安排和记住时间的发展顺序有困难。所以选项g(这可以解释为什么他们很难阅读时间表和记住事情发生的顺序)切合文意。故选g。
【38题详解】前文“in addition, research has shown that dyscalculics behave oddly in social situations. (此外，研究表明，计算障碍患者在社交场合会表现得很奇怪)”对应选项e中的“they never know how much they should tip the waiter(他们从来不知道应该给服务员多少小费)”，后文“this poor ability can explain why they never know how much change they are due or what kind of budget they need for their holiday.(这种差劲的能力可以解释为什么他们永远不知道他们该付多少零钱，或者他们的假期需要什么样的预算)”与选项e中的“they’ve got left after a shopping trip(他们在购物后剩下多少钱)”相对应，所以选项e(他们永远不知道应该给服务员多少小费，也不知道购物后还剩下多少钱)切合文意。故选e。
【39题详解】根据前文“on the other hand, dyscalculics are very good at creative arts. people suffering from dyscalculia can become painters or poets. dyscalculia does not seem to delay language acquisition. (另一方面，计算障碍患者擅长创造性艺术。患有计算障碍的人可以成为画家或诗人。计算障碍似乎不会延迟语言习得)”可知，计算障碍并不意味着智力低下。所以选项f(我们可以看到，计算障碍只是一种学习障碍，而不是智力的普遍表现)切合文意。故选f。
第三部分:书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节 (共4小题；第40至41题每小题2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。
shared services need more imagination
共享服务需要更多的想象力

suppose you need to drill a hole in the wall to hang an item but do not own a power drill. you may regard it as expensive to buy a power drill and consider renting one. sharing is the solution. the sharing industry is an emerging, highly flexible economic network that allows people to share resources, either free or for a fee.假设你需要在墙上钻一个洞来挂一个物品，但是你没有电钻。你可能觉得买电钻很贵，可以考虑租一个。分享才是解决之道。共享产业是一个新兴的、高度灵活的经济网络，允许人们免费或收费共享资源。

【刘凯老师解析】【分析】
40. what is the sharing industry?
【答案】40. the sharing industry is an economic network that allows people to share resources, either free or for a fee. 【40题详解】考查细节理解。根据第一段最后一句“the sharing industry is an emerging, highly flexible economic network that allows people to share resources, either free or for a fee. (共享产业是一个新兴的、高度灵活的经济网络，允许人们免费或收费共享资源)”可知，共享产业是一个经济网络，允许人们免费或收费共享资源。故答案为the sharing industry is an economic network that allows people to share resources, either free or for a fee.
41. why does shared transportation receive attention from people?
【答案】41. because it offers environmentally-friendly means of transportation to people in cities. 【41题详解】考查细节理解。根据第三段第二句“this kind of transportation is so environmentally-friendly that it is increasingly popular among people in many cities. (这种交通工具非常环保，在很多城市越来越受欢迎)”可知，因为它为城市里人们提供了环保的交通工具，所以共享交通受到人们的关注。故答案为because it offers environmentally-friendly means of transportation to people in cities.
42. please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
* shared services are getting increasingly popular for their convenience, but there are still calls for expansion to wider areas because they are currently restricted to machines.
【答案】42. shared services are getting increasingly popular for their convenience, but there are still calls for expansion to wider areas because they are currently restricted to machines.
according to the passage, presently shared services include not only machines but also smaller, less heavy items, such as ties and umbrellas. 【42题详解】考查推理判断。根据第四段第二句“the real pay-off in shared services probably lies in renting out smaller, less heavy items. (共享服务的真正回报可能在于出租较小、较轻的物品)”，第四句“so some companies would let you pick up a tie when you needed it and only when you needed it. (因此，一些公司会让你在需要的时候挑选领带，而且只在你需要的时候)”和第五句“another example is an umbrella-sharing service. (另一个例子是雨伞共享服务)”可知，共享服务并不仅仅是局限于机器，因为现在的共享服务不仅包括机器，还包括较小、较轻的物品，如领带和雨伞。所以“because they are currently restricted to machines”处错误，应在此处画下划线，原因是现在的共享服务不仅包括机器，还包括较小、较轻的物品，如领带和雨伞。故答案为according to the passage, presently shared services include not only machines but also smaller, less heavy items, such as ties and umbrellas.
43. please provide another example of shared services and explain your reason. (about 40 words)
【答案】43. (1) sharing books is a good type of shared services. people can share and read the books they like without pay or with only a little money, so that they will improve their knowledge and enrich their life. thus i think it is well worth spreading.
(2) sharing platforms is a good type of shared services. for example, resources can be shared there. another example is that in a community, old people can learn how to use computers and smartphones with the help of it. thus i think it is well worth spreading.【43题详解】考查开放性回答。答题时应先举出文中没有提到的一个共享服务的例子，再解释原因。
第二节(20分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校将举办主题为 “创意点亮校园”学生手工作品展。请给你校的交换生jim写一封邮件，邀请他参观展览。内容包括：
1. 介绍展览信息 (例如：时间、地点、内容等)；
2. 询问对方意向。
注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词：手工作品handicraft
dear jim,
yours,
li hua
【参考答案城区范文】
possible versions 1.
dear jim，
how are you doing? i’m writing to invite you to visit a handicrafts exhibition in our school, whose theme is “creativity lights up the campus”.
the exhibition aims to enrich our school life and promote our creativity and hands-on ability. it is scheduled to be held in the lecture hall from may 15 to june 1. dozens of handicrafts with unique designs and various themes will be on display, such as clay sculptures, paper cuttings and so on. they are all created by students. many works are made from unwanted materials in our daily life, which shows how students turn waste into treasure. i’m sure you will be amazed at the students’ creativity and imagination.
would you like to come? i’m looking forward to meeting you at the exhibition.
yours,
li hua
possible versions 2.
dear jim,
how is everything going? our school is going to organize a handicrafts exhibition themed “creativity lights up the campus” this weekend. knowing you have a great interest in handicrafts, i believe this is an opportunity to appreciate the creative works.
about 100 handicrafts made by students will be on display in the school lecture hall, each of which is full of fantastic ideas. you can find a wide variety of works that are suitable for decoration. in addition, the exhibits will consist of handicrafts of traditional styles methods, which will offer you a great chance to explore the chinese traditional culture. i’m sure the exhibition is worth a visit.
it will be a great pleasure if you come to the exhibition. i will be happy to keep you company and offer necessary explanations.
yours,
li hua
【刘凯老师解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给学校交换生jim写一封邮件，邀请他参观学生手工作品的展览。
【详解】possible versions 1
1.词汇积累
旨在：aim at→ aim to do
提升：improve→ promote
计划：be planned to→ be scheduled to
许多：lots of→ dozens of
惊讶：shocked→ amazed
2. 句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：the exhibition aims to enrich our school life and promote our creativity and hands-on ability. it is scheduled to be held in the lecture hall from may 15 to june 1.
拓展句：the exhibition, which is scheduled to be held in the lecture hall from may 15 to june 1, aims to enrich our school life and promote our creativity and hands-on ability.
【刘凯老师点睛】[高分句型1] i’m writing to invite you to visit a handicrafts exhibition in our school, whose theme is “creativity lights up the campus”.（运用了由“whose+名词”引导非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2] many works are made from unwanted materials in our daily life, which shows how students turn waste into treasure. （运用了由which引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型3] i’m sure you will be amazed at the students’ creativity and imagination.（运用了省略that的宾语从句，作am sure的宾语）

刘凯老师介绍
刘凯，男，蒙古族，黑龙江省齐齐哈尔人。本科为哈尔滨师范大学英语系，硕士为北京理工大学。2010年赴美国宾夕法尼亚大学交流学习；2013年美国亚利桑那大学访问学者；2015年澳大利亚新南威尔士大学esl研修；2018年加州理工学院语言学双学位获得者；2019年赴澳大利亚麦考瑞大学交流习；gre托福考试全球高分获得者；荣获长江商学院emba。
北京市优秀青年教师，北京市级重点高中示范校骨干教师，多年高中一线执教经验，高三年级把关教师，多次参与东城区模拟试题命题工作，教学理念先进，教学成果突出，多篇教学论文获市区级奖项。多篇文章发表在《中国教育报》《中国考试》《北京教育》等报刊上。多次参加高考阅卷工作，参与人民教育出版社、北京教育出版社、外研社等各类高考教学用书的编写工作，有丰富的备考经验，国际核心期刊发表多篇论文。
教育部课题研究员，参与国家十二五课题计划，并作出突出贡献，参与初中、高中各年级区级试题的命制，多次承担区级和市级研究课任务。北京市科技英语优秀指导教师，所带学生在各级英语口语、作文竞赛中多次获奖；将扎实的英语基本功和严谨的学术思想作为教学的基础，课堂上善于寓教于乐，信息量大，内容丰富，使学生在和谐的课堂气氛下欣赏英语、享受英语、掌握英语、运用英语。
2009-2012年期间，多次受邀在北京广播电台主持英语高考大纲解析及英语新课程改革节目，学术功底深厚，兼具偶像派与实力派特点，教风亲切洒脱，诙谐幽默，思维开阔，屡有奇思妙想，善于引导学生学以致用，对高考动向把握极其准确，深受学生和家长欢迎。尤其擅长英语语法和单词记忆法。
海外生活学习十年，社科人文类学科偏爱者；10年雅思教龄，知名教师培训师；指导上万考生快速冲刺雅思写作、阅读，平均分数7.5分；独创“段落清空”、极简化“针对检索式”阅读法等众多高效技法；每年雅思考试均在10次以上；均分8+；真题回忆准确度97%以上；贴近西式思路和语言指导学生写作；善于帮助学生突破学术写作思维瓶颈。讲授科目有长难句、翻译、四六级考试、阅读和写作；在2014、2015、2017、2019四年考研中，接受其培训的所有考生中有近万名考生取得高分。带给学生的不只是考分的提高，更多的是对英语领悟和感知的突破。纯正的英音、独到的见解、睿智的思维和轻松幽默的语言，为其赢得了广大学生的认同和喜爱。
资深考研培训讲师；
英语四六级考试天团高级讲师；
雅思阅读、雅思写作培训主讲名师；
六级考试阅卷组成员；
深谙命题规律和解题套路，对英语的学习规律和方法见解独特。
呼吁国人学习英语的态度：
重复是记忆之母。
用听，用看，用心去触摸每个单词，你便会有好的记忆。
中国人要学好英语就要有一点点变态。
上课特点：课堂从不需点名，却无人缺席
教学理念：英语教师很幸运也有责任与学生一同叩响世界之门