英语中 take 相关的短语动词
take sb aback 使…震惊；使…大吃一惊（常用被动）
Roland was taken aback by our strength of feeling.
我们反应如此强烈，令罗兰大吃一惊。
She was completely taken aback by his anger.
他的愤怒把她吓了一大跳。
take after sb
1、 ( 不用于进行时) （外貌或行为）像（父或母）
Your daughter doesn’t take after you at all.
你女儿长得一点儿都不像你。
2、追赶；跟踪
I was afraid that if I started running the man would take after me.
我害怕如果我跑起来，那人会追来。
take against sb/sth （说不清原因地）开始不喜欢
It is not an unsympathetic biography, but Sir Edward has taken against it.
这本传记并不惹人厌，可爱德华爵士不喜欢它。
take sth apart 拆卸，拆散，拆开（机器等）
They will take that problem apart and analyze it in great detail.
他们会认真分析那个问题，指出其症结所在。
take sth away
1、解除，消除（感情、痛苦等）
I was given some pills to take away the pain.
给我开了一些止痛药片。
2、（从餐馆买饭菜等）带回食用；买外卖食物
Two burgers to take away, please.
请来两份汉堡包，带走。
take away from sth 减少；减弱；贬低（没有被动）
I don’t want to take away from his achievements, but he couldn’t have done it without my help.
我不想贬低他的成就，但是如果没有我的帮助，他是做不成的。
take sb back 允许（因不合而离去的配偶等）回家；与…重归于好
Why did she take him back?
她怎么又让他回家了？
take sb back (to…) 使回想起
The smell of the 
sea took him back to his childhood.
大海的气味使他回想起孩提时代。
take sth back
1、退回；同意收回（退货）
If I buy something and he doesn’t like it I’ll take it back.
要是我买的东西他不喜欢的话，我就会去退货。
2、收回，撤回（说过的话）
OK, I take it all back!
好吧，我把我说过的话统统收回。
take sth down
1、拆掉；拆除；拆卸
to take down a tent
拆掉帐篷
2、往下拽；拉低（下身衣服）
to take down your trousers/pants
把裤子 / 内裤往下拽一拽
3、记录
Reporters took down every word of his speech.
记者把他讲的每一句话都记录了下来。
take sb in
1、留宿；收留
to take in lodgers
收房客
He was homeless, so we took him in.
他无家可归，我们便收留了他。
2、欺骗；蒙骗（常用被动）
Don’t be taken in by his charm─he’s ruthless.
不要被他那迷人的风度所蒙蔽，其实他冷酷无情。
take sth in
1、吸入，吞入（体内）
Fish take in oxygen through their gills.
鱼用鳃吸取氧气。
2、改小，改瘦（衣服）
She had taken in the grey dress so that it hugged her thin body.
她把那件灰色连衣裙改小了，这样正好紧裹住她那纤瘦的身体。
3、包括；包含（没有被动）
The tour takes in six European 
capitals.
这次旅游包括六个欧洲国家的首都。
4、去看，观看（电影等）（没有被动）
I generally take in a show when I’m in New York.
我每次去纽约通常总会看一场演出。
5、注意到；看到
He took in every detail of her appearance.
他仔仔细细打量了她一番。
6、理解；领会；记住
Halfway through the chapter I realized I hadn’t taken anything in.
这一章我读到一半才意识到我根本没有看懂。
take off
1、（飞机等) 起飞
The plane took off an hour late.
飞机起飞晚了一个小时。
2、匆匆离去；急忙离开
When he saw me coming he took off in the opposite direction.
他见我走过来便赶快转身走了。
3、（观念、产品等) 突然大受欢迎；迅速流行
The new magazine has really taken off.
这份新杂志真是大受欢迎。
take sb off
1、（以诙谐的方式）模仿，学某人的样子
Mike can take off his father to perfection.
迈克模仿爸爸时惟妙惟肖。
2、(体育运动、娱乐等) 换下；中止；取消
He was taken off after twenty minutes.
二十分钟后，他被替换下场。
take sth off
1、脱下（衣服）；摘掉
to take off your coat
脱掉大衣
He took off my wet boots and made me sit by the fire.
他脱掉我湿漉漉的靴子，让我在火炉旁坐下。
2、休假；休息
I’ve decided to take a few days off next week.
我已决定下星期休息几天。
3、取消；停演（常用被动）
The show was taken off because of poor audience figures.
该剧目因不卖座而停演了。
4、剪掉（头发）；截去，切除（人体部位）
The hairdresser asked me how much she should take off.
理发师问我头发剪多少。
The explosion nearly took his arm off.
他的胳膊差点儿被炸掉。
take yourself/sb off (to…) （使）离去，走掉；带走
I want to free Eirene, take her off to the country.
我想为艾瑞纳赎身，带他去乡下过日子。
take sb off sth 调离，解除（工作、职务等）；撤掉，拆除（器械）（常用被动）
The officer leading the investigation has been taken off the case.
主持调查此案的警员已被撤下。
After three days she was taken off the ventilator.
三天之后给她摘掉了呼吸器。
take sth off sth
1、扣除，减去（款额、分数等）
The manager took $10 off the bill.
经理从账单上划掉10元。
That experience took ten years off my life.
那段经历使我老了十岁。
2、停止销售（常用被动）
The slimming pills were taken off the market.
市场上已停止销售这种减肥药片。
take sb on
1、聘用；雇用
to take on new staff
雇用新员工
She was taken on as a trainee.
她受聘当实习生。
2、（运动或比赛）同某人较量；反抗；与某人战斗（没有被动）
to take somebody on at tennis
与某人比赛打网球
The rebels took on the entire Roman army.
反叛者与整个罗马军队战斗。
take sth on 呈现，具有（特征、外观等）（没有被动）
The chameleon can take on the colours of its background.
变色龙可以变成周围环境的颜色。
His voice took on a more serious tone.
他说话的语气变得严肃起来。
take sth/sb on
1、决定做；同意负责；承担（责任）
I can’t take on any extra work.
我不能承担任何额外工作。
We’re not taking on any new clients at present.
目前我们不接收新客户。
2、(公共汽车、飞机或船只) 接纳（乘客）；装载
The bus stopped to take on more passengers.
公共汽车停下让其他乘客上车。
The ship took on more fuel at Freetown.
轮船在弗里敦停靠加燃料。
take sb out 带某人出去（到餐馆、剧院、俱乐部等）
It was his birthday, so I offered to take him out to a nice rooftop restaurant.
那是他的生日，所以我打算带他去一个屋顶上的饭店。
take sb/sth out杀死；毁灭
They took out two enemy bombers.
他们摧毁了敌人的两架轰炸机。
take sth out
1、切除，摘除（人体内的一部分）
How many teeth did the dentist take out?
牙科医生拔了几颗牙？
2、获得，领到（正式文件或服务）
to take out an insurance policy/a mortgage/a loan
买了一份保险；得到按揭贷款；获得贷款
to take out an ad in a newspaper
在报纸上刊登广告
take sth out (against sb) 发出（传票）
The police have taken out a summons against the driver of the car.
警方已向这辆汽车的驾驶人发出传票。
take sth out (of sth) （从银行账户中）提取（款）
With the card, you can take money out of the machine anytime.
用这张卡，你可以在任何时候从机器里取钱。
take sth out of sth 扣除；减去
The fine will be taken out of your wages.
罚款将从你的工资中扣除。
take it/sth out on sb 向…发泄；拿…撒气
OK, so you had a bad day. Don’t take it out on me.
好，这么说你今天遇上了很多倒霉事。可也别拿我当出气筒。
She tended to take her frustrations out on her family.
她心里不痛快总是在家里人身上发泄。
take sb out of himself/herself 使摆脱苦恼；为某人消愁
A holiday would help to take her out of herself.
她要是去度假就能散散心。
take over (from sth) 占上风；取而代之
Try not to let negative thoughts take over.
尽量别受消极的想法左右。
It has been suggested that mammals took over from dinosaurs 65 million years ago.
有人提出哺乳动物是在6 500万年前取代恐龙的。
take over (from sb) | take sth over (from sb)
1、接替；接任；接管；接手
He thought he could take over from me.
他以为他能取代我。
2、控制，接管（政党、国家等）
The army is threatening to take over if civil unrest continues.
军方扬言如果内乱继续就实行军管。
take sth over 接收，接管（企业、公司等，尤指通过购买股份）
CBS Records was taken over by Sony.
哥伦比亚广播公司的唱片公司已被索尼公司收购。
take sb through sth 帮助某人深入了解；给某人解说
The director took us through the play scene by scene.
导演一幕一幕地给我们说戏。
take to sth（没有被动）
1、（尤指为逃避危险）逃到，躲到
The rebels took to the hills.
反叛者躲进山里。
2、开始沉湎于；养成…习惯 （V + ing)
I’ve taken to waking up very early.
我已形成习惯，醒得很早。
3、培养…的能力
She took to tennis as if she’d been playing all her life.
她网球打得很好，好像一生都在从事这项运动似的。
take to sb/sth 开始喜欢；对…产生好感（没有被动）
I took to my new boss immediately.
我立刻对新老板产生了好感。
He hasn’t taken to his new school.
他对新学校还没有产生兴趣。
take up 继续；接下去
The band’s new album takes up where their last one left off.
这个乐队的新唱片集是接上一集的乐曲录制的。
take up sth 占用（时间）；占据（空间）
The table takes up too much room.
这张桌子太占地方。
I won’t take up any more of your time.
我不再占用你的时间了。
take sth up
1、将（衣服等）改短
This skirt needs taking up.
这条裙子需要改短。
2、（尤指为消遣）学着做，开始做
They’ve taken up golf.
他们学起打高尔夫球来了。
She has taken up the oboe.
她学起吹双簧管来了。
3、开始从事
He takes up his duties next week.
他下周就要开始履行职责。
4、一起唱；一起说
to take up the chorus
加入合唱
Their protests were later taken up by other groups.
其他小组后来也加入了他们抗议的行列。
5、继续（他人未完成的事）；接着讲（以前提过的事）
She took up the story where Tim had left off.
她接着讲蒂姆未讲完的故事。
I’d like to take up the point you raised earlier.
我想继续谈一谈你早些时候提出的问题。
6、进入，占据（位置）
I took up my position by the door.
我把住了门口。
7、接受（建议或能得到的东西）
to take up a challenge
接受挑战
She took up his offer of a drink.
他请她喝一杯，她接受了。
take up with sb 开始结交（尤指名声不好的人）
Sandy took up with a widow 21 years his junior.
桑迪和一个比他小 21 岁的寡妇搞上了。
take sb up on sth
1、质问；查问
I must take you up on that point.
那个问题我一定要找你问个明白。
2、接受（提议、打赌等）
Thanks for the invitation─we’ll take you up on it some time.
谢谢你的盛情邀请，改日我们一定奉陪。
take sth up with sb 向…提出；与…交涉
They decided to take the matter up with their MP.
他们决定向本地区的下议院议员反映这一问题。
be taken up with sth/sb 致力于；专心于；对…一心一意
His mind was wholly taken up with the question.
他满脑子都在想这个问题。
be taken with sb/sth 被…吸引；迷上；对…感兴趣
We were all very taken with his girlfriend.
我们都觉得他的女朋友非常讨人喜欢。
I think he’s quite taken with the idea.
我认为他对这个想法十分感兴趣。
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