广州版大学五大学上、下册英语常识点总结 – 360文档中心

广州版大学五大学英语常识点总结
五大学上册共六个模块，18单元，209单词（四大学186个单词）
五大学下册共六个模块，18单元，157单词（四大学172个单词)
五大学上册常识点
module1 routines and dates
学习要点1、掌控一月到十二月、四季的称号2、用英语说出日期
日期的标明法有两种，如:“今日10月20日。”
a)先说月份:today is october the twentieth （20th）
b)先说日期:today is the twentieth of october（20th）
3、掌控节日的称号及日期。（详见书本第13页）
例如:new year’s day( january 1st ) women’s day( march 8th)
4、能用英语说出学期的初步和结束
the autumn term begins in september and ends in january.
5. 掌控基数词和序数词，留心区别和运用
要点掌控:first,second,third,fifth,ninth,twelfth,twentieth.
基数词标明数量:three pandas三只熊猫。
序数词标明次序:the second month第二个月
6、留心标明时刻频率的词:never、sometimes、often、usually、always，留心这些词在语句中的
方位——除了“是”动词以外，他们都放在在动词的前面，如:
（1）she often comes here . （2）she is always late .
7、能用英语谈论往常的活动（能写一篇小作文）
8、掌控时态:一般如今时的运用:
（1）界说:一般如今时标明已构成习气、规则的动作或状况。
（2）特征:一般语句中有often、usually、或sometimes等等。
（3）必定句的规划:
人称+动词:①其别人称（i、you、we、they、the boys……）+动词原形
②第三人称奇数（he、she、it、tom、……）+动词“s/es”方法
例句:the boys like tv plays. sally likes tv plays.
（4）一般疑问句:助动词（do/does）+人称+动词原形
do the boys like tv plays? does the boy like tv plays?
（5）否定句:人称+助动词否定形词（don’t/doesn’t）+动词原形
the boys don’t like tv plays. the boy doesn’t like tv plays.
（6）记住:助动词一出，后边动词用原形。
module2 abilities
学习要点1、能用英语谈论人或动物的才能（精干啥）
i can speak english. the m can climb trees.
2、能用英语说出15种以上的动物称号。
3、语句有“can”的时分，不管人称是谁，一般如今时的动词在必定句，否定句或一般疑问句一
律用原形，如:
i/you/he/they/my mother can sing. can you/he/they/my mother sing？
i/you/he/they/my mother can’t sing.
4、留心“everyone”作为奇数用: everyone is here. everyone likes flowers.
5、留心“not…at all”的运用:
he can’t skate at all .=he can not skate at all.
he doesn’t like it at all .=he does not like it at all.
module 3 plants
学习要点
1、能用英语说出一些植物（花，树木）的称号，并能写出十个以上有关植物的单词，并写上中文。
2、留心must和mustn’t的运用
（1）must有必要mustn’t阻止、不答应
（2）must/ mustn’t后边的动词用原形，
例如:i must go我有必要走了。we mustn’t pick flowers in the park. 咱们不能在公园里在摘花。
3、掌控can最初标明恳求的语句的答复。
如:—can i go with you? —sure./ of course you can.
module4 t

ravel
学习要点1、能说出十种以上的往常交通东西，并写上中文。2、留心运用交通东西的标明办法。by(乘坐):by bus/by train/by spaceship 等, on foot(步行、走路)
3、时刻的表达方有两种，
一种是直接表达法，直接依照“小时+分钟”的次序读出时刻，7:15-seven fifteen 7:30-seven thirty 第二种是逆读法,根柢依照“分钟+小时”次序读出时刻,如:
①用past(在半小时之内,包括半小时),如:
7:10-ten past seven 6:15-a quarter past six 9:25-twenty five past nine
②半小时用half past, 如: 7:30-half past seven
③用to(跨越半小时).读作“相差的分钟+to+下一个小时”,如: 7:45-a quarter to eight
4、介词的运用in、on、at在时刻前的用法.
at-具体几点钟,如: at five o＇clock （习气用法:at the weekend）
on-具体某一天,星期、日期前用,如: on sunday，on may 1st, on weekdays
in-早上、下午、晚上, 如:in the morning /in the afternoon /in the evening in-年份、月份、时节前运用，如:in november月份in winter时节in 2005年份
5. 掌控时态:一般将来时态:标明即将发生的作业.
1）…be ( is \ am \are ) going to…动词原形.
例如:标明或人即将去游水
i am going to swim. you are going to swim. she is going to swim.
2）…will …+ 动词原形.
例如:标明或人即将去游水
i will swim. you will swim. she will swim.
module 5 zoo animals
学习要点
1、能用英语说出十五种以上动物的称号，并写上中文。
2、能用英语说出一些当地（如各大洲）的称号，并晓得它们的方位。
3、当咱们想要提出恳求或征询定见的时分，咱们可以用“would you like to + 动词原形”的规划would you like to go shopping with me?
would you like to water the flowers?
would you like to have lunch with my family?
答复:yes, i’d love to./ yes, of course.
4、当你看到不良行为时，能用英语进行奉劝，请写出5个以上。（详见书本61页和90页）
例如:don’t kill us. don’t wake up a lion.
module 6 directions
学习要点1、能用英语说出一些公共建筑物和学校建筑的称号。2、能用英语问路，如:1）where is the canteen, please? 2）could you tell me the way to the canteen, please?
3）could you tell me how to get to the canteen, please? 4）how do i get to the canteen, please?
5）is the canteen near here? 6）is the zoo on the right or on the left?
3、能用英语答复某地的方位，并记住以下的一些表达方法:
turn right out of the hotel 在宾馆外面on the left / right 在左面/ 在右边
turn left / right 转左/ 转右go straight ahead 一向往前走
take the second left 在第二个拐弯处左拐take a no.216 bus 乘坐216号公共轿车
4、留心问询别人或道谢的礼貌用语，如:
（1）thank you very much./ thanks a lot.
两句都可以答复:you’re welcome./ not at all.
(2) excuse me. (用于打扰别人的时分。)
五大学第一学期英语语法材料
一、名词复数的构成办法:
1.一般直接在词尾加上“s”(book—books)
2.以x. s .ch .sh结束的直接加上“es”(box—boxes , dress—dresses)
3.单.复数同形: fish , sheep .
4.大大都以f（fe）结束的,变f（fe）为v再加上“es”.(knife—knives shelf—shelves)
5.以y结束的,y前是元音字母的直接加上“s”(boy—boys ); y前是子音字母的变y为i再加上“es”
(factory—factories)
不规则的复数:
1.child—children
2.this—these
3.that—those
4.goose—geese
5.foot—feet
6.tooth—teeth
7.my—our
8.it/he/she—they
9.his/her/its—their 10.a/an—some/any 11.has—have 12.man—men
13.woman—women 14.policeman—policemen 15.i—we
二、动词第三人称奇数的改变办法
1．一般直接在词尾加上s
2．以x ,s,ch ,sh结束的直接在词尾加上es
3．以y结束的,y前是元音字母的直接加上s; y前是子音字母的变y为i再加上es 4．go—goes do—does have—has are—is
三、动词加ing的办法:
1.一般直接在词尾加上ing ;
2.以不发音e结束的,要去掉e再加上ing ;(除了see—seeing 之外)
3.两个子音字母中心只需一个元音字母的重读闭音节的,要双写结束的子音字母再加上ing .(skip
—skipping swim—swimming run—running cut—cutting get—getting forget—forgetting shop—shopping begin—beginning )
四、变一般疑问句的办法:(some变为any,i/we变为you,my变为your，句号变为问号)
1.是(is .are ).神态动词（can \could \must \should \need）提前.
2.主语是(你you,我i,复数的)在语句最初加:do.
3.主语是(第三人称奇数的)在语句最初加:does.
五、变否定句的办法: (some变为any)
1.在是(is \am\are) ,神态动词（can \could \must \should \need）后边加上: not.
2.主语是(你you,我i,复数的)在动词前面加上don’t.
3.主语是(第三人称奇数的)在动词前面加上doesn’t.
六、对划线有些发问需要用到的特别疑问词:
what(啥): what time(啥时刻)、what colour(啥颜色) 、what day(星期几) what date(啥日期) 、what season(啥时节) who(谁) 、where(哪里) 、whose(谁的) 、which（哪一个）how(怎么样) : how many(多少)、how old(几岁)、how often(多常常) 、how much(多少钱)
七、不规则的序数词:
1.one—first
2.two—second
3.three—third
4.five—fifth
5.eight—eighth
6.nine—ninth
7.twelve—twelfth 8.twenty—twentieth
8、句型:1. how are you ? i’m fine ,thank you .
2.how old are you ? i’m twelve.
3.how many people are there in your family ? there are four .
4.how many terms are there in your school year? there are two .
5.would you like to ……. ? yes ,that would be fun . /no,thanks .
6.what’s the date today? it’s november (the) 22nd .
7.where are you going on holiday? i’m going to hong kong .
8.what are you going to do on your holiday? i’m going to go shopping/ hong kong .
9.how are you going to get there? by plane / car/ bus/ bike/ train.
五大学下册常识点
module 1 our life
一、学习要点1）能就“自个的往常日子”的论题进行攀谈；
2）能就“比照”的论题进行攀谈；3）能用电话用语进行交流。
1、温习时态，特别要掌控好一般如今时第三人称作主语的特别疑问句:
1) how does he/she go to school. 2) what time does he/she get up?
3) where does he/she study? 4) whose former pupil lives in leeds?
5) which school does she study at? 6) who studies at rose school?
2、初步领会描述词比照级的句型:
1) he is/looks thinner now than before. 2) is he taller than me?
3) does he look taller than me? 4) he isn’t stronger than me.
3、神态动词should、could、may的用法及一些交际用语:
1) he should get up early. 2) she shouldn’t play computer game too much.
3) could you help me? i’d be glad/love to. 4) may i sit speak to jane?
5、电话用语:
— may i speak to mr li? — this is ben speaking.
may / could / can i speak to …this is …speaking. / speaking. who’s this / that?
留心疑问
1、总结主语是第三人称奇数时, 一般如今时的必定句,否定句和一般疑问句的改变, 例如:
i eat dinner at six. he eats dinner at six too. i don’t eat dinner at six.
he doesn’t eat dinner at six either. do you eat dinner at six? does he eat dinner at six?
2、总结主语是第三人称奇数时, 一般如今时的特别疑问句方法, 如:
what time does he get up? he gets up at six.
where does she live? she lives in renmin road.
3. 当主语是第三人称奇数时, 一般如今时的动词的改变的规则:
1) 一般情况加-s，例如:visit –visits tell –tells work –works wave –waves
2)以s, x, sh, ch结束的动词, 加-es，例如:wash –washes watch –watches
3) 以子音字母加y结束的动词，改y为i加-es，例如:fly –flies study –studies
4) 有些以o结束的动词加-es，例如:go –goes do –does
5) 特别情况have –has
unit 1
1、for an hour for标明时刻的长度，例如:for two year half an hour an hour and a half
2、留心句型:could you …? i’d be glad to. / i’d love to.
3、比照级句型:she is older than me. she is one year older than me.
4、keep the rule 守规则；守规则
unit 2
1、电话用语: may / could / can i speak to …this is …speaking. / speaking. who’s this / that?
2、he looks thinner now than before. 他如今看起来比早年瘦许多。look看起来
3、短语:be worried about …忧虑be late for school 上学迟到hand in 交；递送
on time / in time 依时；准时catch up with 赶上
4. 比照:take (more) exercise have sports
take morning exercises take eye exercises
unit 3
1、差异sleep / sleepy / asleep
sleep v. 睡觉he is sleeping on his mother’s bed. 他睡在他母亲的床上。
sleepy adj. 困的i’m sleepy. i want to go to bed. 我很困，我想睡觉。
asleep adj. 睡熟了he is fast asleep. 他很快睡觉。
2、祈使句的否定句:
1.）don’t be late for party. 参加集会不要迟到。
2.）don’t ask adults about ages. 不要文成年人关于他们的年纪。
3.）don’t talk to others when there’s too much food in your mouth. 在满嘴是食物是不要根别人说话。
module 2 seeing a doctor
学习要点:能就“看病”的论题进行攀谈。
1、看病用语:
医生用语1) you should drink plenty of water. 2) you shouldn’t go to bed late.
3) you’d better stay in bed. 4) don’t eat too much chocolate.
患者用语1) what’s the matter? 2) i feel ill/bad. 3) take the medicine three times a day.
4) i have a cold/headache/stomachache/toothache.
2、日子用语:1) it’s time to get up. 2) i don’t want to be late for school.
留心的疑问:
1、留心一些组成词的构成如:football chalkboard bedroom
本模块呈现的组成词:-ache
head –headache tooth –toothache stomach –stomachache
2、有神态动词should的语句的必定式、否定式和一般疑问式:
we should get there before eight. we shouldn’t (should not) get there too late.
should we get there before nine?
unit 4
1、it’s time to…与it’s time for…的差异:
it’s time for bed /class/school/breakfast/lunch/dinner.（time后加名词）
it’s time to go to bed/school/have breakfast/have lunch/have dinner. （time后加动词）
2、联络动词fell / look / get/ become等后可以加描述词，例如:
i feel tired / hot / cold / hungry. he looks tired / hungry / pale.
unit 5
1、what’s the matter? / what’s the matter with you?
2、短语:give s.b. a checkup 给（或人）查看身体
plenty of 许多的(可润饰可数或不可以数名词)
there is plenty of water. there are plenty of eggs in the basket.
walk a lot 走许多路eat a lot 吃许多东西take the medicine three times a day 一天服药三次take long 花许多时刻never too much of good food. 好的东西也不能吃太多。
airsick 晕机backache 背疼earache 耳疼hurt 伤；疼得
module 3 our school and our class
一．学习要点1、能就“自个学校和班级”的论题进行攀谈。
2、能就“比照建筑物”的论题进行攀谈。
1、安靖描述词比照级和副词比照级的句型
1) his school is better than mine. 2) my new school is much larger than the old one.
3) does the new school have more classroom than the old one? 4) she gets up earlier than us 2、神态动词would及must、need的否定式的用法及一些交际用语:
1) you needn’t go to school by bus. 2) we mustn’t pick the flowers.
3) would you like to visit our new school? yes, i’d love to.
4) welcome to our school. thank you.
留心的疑问:
1、比照两样（种）东西时描述词的改变
描述词和副词的比照级:
a．一般单音节和有些双音节的描述词的比照级在词末加-er:
small –smaller new –newer old –older tall –taller weak –weaker
short –shorter cheap –cheaper fresh –fresher clean — cleaner; fast –faster b．以不发音的单音节和有些双音节的描述词的比照级，在词末加-r:
nice –nicer fine –finer large –larger white –whiter late –later
c．以子音字母加y的单音节和有些双音节的描述词的比照级把y改为i, 加er:
easy –easier ugly –uglier heavy — heavier friendly –friendlier hungry –hungrier tidy –tidier happy –happier pretty –prettier;
sorry –sorrier early –earlier
d．以单元音字母加一个子音字母结束的单音节描述词和副词双写最终一个字母加-er:
big –bigger fat –fatter thin –thinner
e．有些单词归于不规则:good/well –better bad/badly –worse many –more
例句:
1) this dictionary is thinner than that one. 2) is your shirt better than mine？
3) does our classroom look bigger than yours? 4) my mother always gets up earlier than me.
2、代词的作用:
第一人称奇数第二人称
奇数
第三人称
奇数
第一人称
复数
第二人称
复数
第三人称
复数
代词主格i you he/she/it we you they
代词宾格me you him/her/it us you them
描述词性物
主代词
my your his/her/its our your their
名词性物主
代词
mine yours his/hers/its ours yours theirs
例句:
1) i often help him and he often help me too. 2) they like us and we like them too.
3) my house is smaller than your house. yours is larger than mine.
4) our pictures are better than their pictures. ours pictures are better than theirs.
3、still 与yet
still 用于必定句和疑问句:
he still works at guangming farm. does she still study at that primary school?
yet 用于否定句: they don’t start to work yet.
4、有next, this, that的时刻状语不需要加介词。
we’ll visit beijing next week. i’m going to see that film this sunday.
5、比照时标明程度:
is your new school much larger than the old one?
he is one cm taller than me. mary is one year older than me.
7、quite a lot (of) 恰当多
8、千位数的标明法:2,345 (two) thousand (three) hundred and forty-five
unit 8
短语:1.have to不得不you have to get up earlier than us.
2、leave don’t leave your things here. (留传) he usually leaves school at half past five. (脱离)
3、have a harder job to do 有更艰苦的作业要做i have something to do. i have nothing to say. unit 9
far 的比照级1）farther（更远）具体的．一般标明间隔
2）further（进一步）笼统事物一般标明学业进修
最高档farthest/furthest
module 4 wild animals
学习要点
1）能就“野生动物”的论题进行攀谈；2）能就“比照动物”的论题进行攀谈。
1、掌控比照级和最高档的句型
1) giraffes’legs are longer than horses’legs. （描述词比照级）
2) elephants are the biggest animals in the world. （描述词最高档）
3) deer run faster than giraffes. （副词比照级）
4) of all animals, cheetahs run (the) fastest. （副词最高档）
5) who works hardest in our class? （副词最高档）
2、谈论身高体重的句型
1) it can be 30 metres long. 2) it weighs over 150 tons.
留心的疑问:
1、比照两样（种）以上的东西时副词应改变:
a．hard –harder late –later high –higher fast –faster early –earlier
b．well –better much –more badly –worse far –farther
例句:1）kate runs faster than me. 2）sally swims better than judy,
2、较三样（种）以上的东西时描述词和副词的改变:
a．small –smallest new –newest old –oldest tall –tallest
big –biggest fat –fattest thin –thinnest hot –hottest;
b．good –best many –most well –most bad/badly — worst;
例句:1) our classroom is the biggest here. 2) meihua is the tallest girl in her class.
3) russia is the largest country in the world. 4) he runs fastest in the team.
unit 10
1、描述词最高档前一般加the，副词最高档前一般可加the或不加the:
blue whales are the biggest animals in the world. of all animals cheetahs run (the) fastest.
2、重要短语
on land 在陆地can be 可所以more than 多于over 跨越
weigh v. the baby weights 4 kg. weight n. my weight is 70 kg.
ton 吨ton of …（多少）吨的……
have no = have not any he has no brothers or sisters. he has not any brothers or sisters.
9、neither …nor…既不……也不……; 不是……也不是……
neither she nor i know him. he is neither a teacher nor a student.
unit 11
1、cheetah 猎豹leopard 豹
2、deer 一般复数用deer; 有时用deers
module 5 eating habits
学习要点1、能就“吃的习气”的论题进行攀谈；2、能就“比照食物”的论题进行攀谈。
1、谈论“食物”和“用餐”的用语
1) which do you prefer, hamburgers or pizza? 2) pizza is more delicious than hamburgers.
3) i’m so full. 4) where shall we have dinner? 5) which food would you like?
6) do you agree with me?
2、有些双音节和多音节的描述词最高档的句型
1) the hamburgers are more delicious than the sandwiches
2) this food is more horrible than that one. 3) fish is the most delicious food, i think.
4) this picture is the most beautiful here. 5) i think this is the most important thing.
留心疑问:
1、shall 的用法shall用于第一人称(i, we), 可以标明“将”或许标明主张“……好吗?”
1) i shall go to the park tomorrow. 2) where shall we have dinner? 3) shall we play game here?
2、双音节和多音节的描述词的比照级和最高档别离用more, most 来标明。
已学双音节的描述词、副词加-er/-est 的例词已学双音节的描述词、副词加more/most的例词
heavy easy dirty ugly
lovely sorry pretty friendly
sunny cloudy windy cloudy
famous slowly boring
3、多音节的描述词加more/most的例词
beautiful delicious important interesting difficult excited horrible dangerous
例句:
1) the lady in red is a famous movie star. and the movie star in white is more famous than her in the usa.
2) the book about animals is very interesting. it is more interesting than the one about the plants.
3) which is the most dangerous, snakes, crocodiles and lions?
4) the old men walk more slowly than the young men.
5) this programme is the most boring one at the party.
unit 13
1、can we eat at jimmy’s today? 咱们可以在jimmy餐厅吃东西吗？
2、inside adv. 在内；adj. 内侧的；内部的；n. 内侧；内部反义词:outside
3、pizza 不可以数名词hamburger 可数名词
4、i’m so full. 我太饱了。
module 6 weather
学习要点1、能就“气候”的论题进行攀谈；2、能对气候进行比照。
1、比照气候的句型
1) it’s much colder today than yesterday. 2) it’ll be hotter tomorrow than today.
3) it’s going to be cooler next week than this week.
2、谈论气候的其它句型
1) what’s the weather like there today? it’s sunny, hot and dry.
2) what will the weather be like there tomorrow?
what is the weather going to be like there tomorrow?
3) what’s the temperature? it’s ten degree(s) centigrade.
3、标明日气的名词和相应的描述词及其之间改变的规则
sun –sunny wind –windy cloud –cloudy rain –rainy fog –foggy snow –snowy
4、标明日气的描述词的比照级和最高档
sunny –sunnier –sunniest windy –winder –windiest
rainy –rainier –rainiest cloudy –cloudier –cloudiest
foggy –foggier –foggiest wet –wetter — wettest dry –drier –driest 5、标明温度的读法
0℃zero degree centigrade 2℃two degrees centigrade
-3℃three degrees below zero centigrade
6. 问气候/温度可以用下面的句型
what’s the weather / temperature like today / tomorrow?
it’s hot and dry. the temperature is 38 degrees centigrade.
7、新西兰在在南半球，那里的时节跟我国刚好相反。
8、great! （这条消息）太好了！it sounds great. 连系动词
9、ski 滑雪skate 溜冰
10、you’d better …= you had better …你最佳……
you’d better take more warm clothes. 你最佳多带一些温暖的衣裳。