高考英语阅读理解限时训练 Reforestation

【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了阿尔伯塔大学的一项新研究发现，强大的社会网络对树木也是有好处的，森林土壤中的真菌网络给树木的生长提供了有利的条件。

d
being highly connected to a strong social network has its benefits. now a new study is showing the same goes for trees, thanks to their underground neighbors. the study is the first to show that the growth of adult trees is linked to their participation in fungal networks living in the forest soil. though past research has focused on young trees, these findings give new insight into the significance of fungal networks to older trees — which are more environmentally beneficial for functions like capturing carbon.
“large

trees make up the main part of the forest, so they drive what the forest is doing,” said researcher joseph birch, who led the study. when they live in the forest soil, fungal networks act as a sort of highway, allowing water, nutrients and compounds to flow back and forth among the trees. the network also helps nutrients flow to resource – limited trees like family units that support one another in times of stress.
cores taken from 350 douglas firs (花旗松) showed that annual tree ring growth was related to the extent of fungal connections a tree had with other trees. they had much higher growth than those that had only a few connections. the research also showed that trees with more connections to many unique fungi had much greater growth than those with only one or two connections. “if you have this network that is helping trees

grow faster, that helps capture more carbon year after year. these networks may help trees grow more steadily even as conditions become more stressful, and could even help protect them against death.” said birch.
birch hopes his findings lead to further studies in different kinds of forests in other geographical areas, because its likely that the connections among trees change from year to year. he said, “knowing whether fungal networks are operating the same way in other tree species could factor into how we reforest areas after harvesting them, and it could inform how we want to plant trees to preserve these networks.”
12. in what way do the new findings differ from the previous ones?
a. they confirm the benefits of fungal networks.
b. they demonstrate a new way to capture carbon.
c. they clarify misunderstanding of fungal networks.
d. they reveal the value of fungal networks to adult trees.
13. how do fungal networks help trees?
a. by fighting against diseases.
b. by bettering forest soil conditions.
c. by acting as the center of family units.
d. by maintaining the balance of resources.
14. what does the underlined “they” refer to in paragraph 3?
a.

tree rings.
b. fungal networks.
c. douglas firs.
d. cores from douglas firs.
15. which field will most benefit from the study according to the text?
a. geography.
b. agriculture.
c. reforestation.
d. microbiology.

d
d
c
c