学英语对大脑的优点,这必定是最合理的英语学习理由!_双语者
你会讲外语吗？不管是英语、西语、法语仍是其他啥语，那么恭喜你，你都会在收成一门新言语之外，让你的大脑变得愈加了不起！
掌控一门外语，除了可以协助咱们获取外文资讯、不凭仗字幕看懂外文影片以及自若地同老交际流之外，究竟还有怎样的优点？
看完这个5分钟英文小短片，说不定你今后再也不烦学外语了呦！
↓戳下方视频为你解密↓
视频双语内容节选
and depending on their situation and how they acquired each language, they can be classified into three general types. for example, let’s take gabriella, whose family immigrates to the us from peru when she’s two-years old. as a compound bilingual, gabriella develops two linguistic codes simultaneously with a single set of concepts, learning both english and spanish as she begins to process the world around her. her teenage brother, on the other hand, might be a coordinate bilingual, working with two sets of concepts, learning english in school, while continuing to speak spanish at home and with friends. finally, gabriella’s parents are likely to be subordinate bilinguals who learn a secondary language by filtering it through their primary language.
根据习得言语的特定情况，咱们可以将双语者分为三大类。让咱们以 gabriella 一家人为例来阐明。在gabriella两岁的时分，她们全家从秘鲁移民到美国。gabriella作为一名复合双语者，使用同一组概念，一起打开了关于两种言语的编码。她在生长的进程中，一起学习了英语和西班牙语来了解身边的世界。而她十几岁的哥哥，则是一名调和双语者，用两组概念来了解世界：在学校学习和运用英语，同家人跟兄弟在一一起说的是西班牙语。gabriella 的父母则可以最终一品种型——隶属双语者，经过母语来学习第二言语。
because all types of bilingual people can become fully proficient in a language regardless of accent or pronunciation, the difference may not be apparent to a casual observer. but recent advances in brain imaging technology have given neurolingui
sts a glimpse into how specific aspects of language learning affect the bilingual brain. it’s well known that the brain’s left hemisphere is more dominant and analytical in logical processes, while the right hemisphere is more active in emotional and social ones, though this is a matter of degree, not an absolute split.
除了口音和发音之外，一切类型的双语者究竟都能经过学习而流利运用第二言语，一般人假定不细心调查，很难发现差异。可是凭仗最新的大脑成像技能，神经言语学家得以窥见学习言语关于双语者的大脑有哪些影响。众所周知，大脑的左半球更擅于逻辑和分析，右半球则在心境和交际方面较为活泼。不过，支配半球的擅长领域只是程度上的相对区别，并非必定。
the fact that language involves both types of functions while lateralization develops gradually with age, has lead to the critical period hypothesis. according to this theory, children learn languages more easily because the plasticity of their developing brains, lets them use both hemispheres in language acquisition, while in most adults, language is lateralized to one hemisphere, usually the left.
实际上言语同支配脑的功用都有有关，但跟着年岁的增加，大脑打开会更偏重一边。由此，科学家们提出了一个“要害时期”假设。他们认为，儿童学习言语之所以更为简略，是因为他们发育中的大脑有着更强的可塑性。而这种可塑性，使得他们在言语习得时可以一起用上支配脑。比较之下，关于大大都成年二语学习者，他们的言语功用现已趋向于支配脑中的其间一边（一般是左脑）。
if this is true, learning a language in childhood may give you a more holistic grasp of its social and emotional contexts. conversely, recent research showed that people who learned a second language in adulthood exhibit less emotional bias and a more rational approach when confronting problems in the second language than in their native one.
假定真是这样，那么在年少时期学习一门新的言语，关于第二言语社会和情感语境的掌控会愈加全部。相反地，迩来研讨闪现，成年学习者，在用第二言语处置疑问时，比用母语个更少展示出心境上的成见，而更多用理性的方法去面临。
but regardless of when you acquire additional languages, being multilingual gives your brain some remarkable advantages. some of these are even visible,such as higher density of the grey matter that contains most of your brain’s neurons and synapses, and more activity in certain regions when engaging a second language. the heightened workout a bilingual brain receives throughout its life can also help delay the onset of diseases, like alzheimer’s and dementia by as much as five years.
不过，不管你何时初步学习第二言语，变成多语者关于大脑都大有裨益。有些优点甚至是看得见的，比方，多语者大脑灰质的密度更高，而灰质中包括了大脑中大都的神经元和突触。另外，在运用第二言语时，大脑的特定区域也会愈加活泼。这种大脑增强性训练，可以推迟一些疾病（比方阿尔茨海默氏症和发呆症）的发生年纪长达五年之久。
the idea of major cognitive benefits to bilingualism may seem intuitive now, but it would have surprised earlier experts. before the 1960s, bilingualism was considered a handicap that slowed a child’s development by forcing them to spend too much energy distinguishing between languages, a view based largely on flawed studies.
二语习得关于认知的优点，如今看来可以不移至理，但却让前期的科学家们大为震动。上世纪60年代之前，二语习得曾被认为是阻止儿童智力发育的晦气要素。因为其时我们认为强逼儿童区别不一样的言语，会耗费他们太多的精力。不过，得出这个观念的有关研讨，其实很大程度上是有缺陷的。
and while a more recent study did show that reaction times and errors increase for some bilingual students in cross-language tests, it also showed that the effort and attention needed to switch between languages triggered more activity in, and potentially strengthened, the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.this is the part of the brain that plays a large role in executive function, problem solving, switching between tasks, and focusing while filtering out irrelevant information.
一项较新的研讨指出，在跨言语查验中，有些双语学生的反应时刻和差错都会 增多，可是在不一样言语之间变换也需要耗费精力和留心力，这将会触发或加健壮脑背外侧前额叶皮层的活动，而这个部位是大脑实施功用、处置疑问、多使命变换及聚精会神并过滤不相干信息的首要部位。
so, while bilingualism may not necessarily make you smarter, it does make your brain more healthy, complex and actively engaged, and even if you didn’t have the good fortune of learning a second language as a child, it’s never too late to do yourself a favor and make the linguistic leap from, “hello,” to, “hola,” “bonjour” or “您好” because when it comes to our brains a little exercise can go a long way.
因而，双语可以不必定让你变得更聪明，但的确能让你的大脑变得更安康、凌乱和活泼专心。即便命运欠安，未能在小时分就学习第二言语，如今初步言语的学习也时尤未完。就从 “hello” 初步，到 “hola”、”bonjour” 或 “你好”初步，让咱们的大脑做一些小小的训练，关于咱们而言却有长远的优点。回来搜狐，查看更多
责任修改：
