【零起点英语】第一百七十讲Ecology(生态学)_the

大家好，这节课我们一起来学习 ecology（生态学）。

让我们一起从零开始，从最基本的讲话，到认识单词和句子，到了解英语的语法，一起来学习，一起来成长，一点一滴的把英语学好。

请大家认真听录音，并看以下内容：

ecology

in the last 150 years or so, scientists have become interested in the way animals and plants liv

e together. this interest has created a new branch of science called ecology. over millions of years, plants and animals have learned to change themselves so they can fit perfectly into their environment. for example, a saltwater fish lives best in the ocean and a mouse is healthiest in a field. certain organisms may be found in a large area, but they do not live in all of it. they are usually only found in a small part of it. this is the place where it is easiest for them to live. ecologists call this place their habitat. they study the way organisms survive in their natural habitat.

译文：

过去一百五十年左右，科学家一直很关心动植物共生的方式。这项关心造成了一种科学新支流的诞生，这个新支流称做生态学。数百万年来，动植物已学会自我改变裨能完美地融入环境里。举例而言，咸水鱼最适合栖息在海洋中，老鼠在田野中生长得也最健康。广大的区域或有可能发现若干生物，不过这些生物并非栖息在整块区域。通常只会在整块区域的一小块中发现到牠们。这一小块区域便是牠们最易生存的空间。生态学家把这块区域称之为这些生物的栖息地。他们研究生物在牠们的天然栖息地生存的方式。

语法重点：

1.复习关系副词where、when、why、how 的用法：

a. where 应置表”地方” 的名词之后。

i live in nanning （地方）, wherei met my second girlfriend, who later became my wife.

= i live in nanning, in whichi met my second girlfriend, who later became my wife.

我住在南宁，在那儿我遇到了我第二位女友，后来她成了我妻子。

i see the hill top（地方）where there is a big mansion.

= i see the hill top on whichthere is a big mansion.

我见到了那座山顶，上面有一栋很大的庄园。

b.when 置表”时间” 的名词之后。

the second world war broke out in 1939（时间）, whenmy grandfather was just an elementary schoolboy.

= the second world war broke out in 1939, in whichmy grandfather was just an elementary schoolboy.

二战于1939 年爆发，当年我爷爷还只是个小学生。

i still remember i left my hometown on a day when it was drizzling.

= i still remember i left my hometown on a dayon whichit was drizzling.

我仍记得我离开家乡的那一天正下着毛毛细雨。

c.why 应置先行词the reason（理由、原因）之后，the reason 或why 亦均可省略，即：

tell me the reasonwhyyou want to resign.

= tell me the reason for whichyou want to reason.

= tell me the reasonyou want to resign.

= tell me whyyou want to reason.

告诉我你要辞职的理由。

d.how 理应置the way（方法）之后，但the way 与how 不能同时并存，应删除其中之一，即：

this is the wayhowi’ll solve the problem. (×)

→this is howi’ll solve the problem. (○)

= this is the wayi’ll solve the problem. (○)

这是我会解决该问题的方法。

换言之，how 之前不得有先行词the way。

2. 本课倒数第三句即使用了关系副词where:

this is the placewhereit is easiest for them to live.

= this is the place in whichit is easiest for them to live.

这块区域便是牠们最易生存的空间。

大家都学会了么？

（点击图片查看大图）

《赖世雄口语从头学》系列丛书

——由英语大师赖世雄携手口语男神johnny老师倾情打造返回搜狐，查看更多

责任编辑：