成人学习英语的日常训练法

成人学习英语的日常训练法

原标

题:成人学习英语的日常训练法

极简版

演,熟练背诵到可以自然地脱口而出

练,描述身边事物由简单到复杂

查,使用单语字典准确理解词义

读,读第一人称小说学习表达

用,几个语言交换网站

唐僧版

熟练背诵,制造相应场景,尝试脱口而出。

最重要:背诵的句子或句子结构是日后组织语言的整个单元,不需要在使用时重新组织。

第一步,熟练背诵。

第二步,了解什么场景下会说这句话,在脑海中搭建场景,自然说出这句话。

第三步,找个陪练,或假想陪练,说话的语气,表情都需要配合到位,尝试将这句话脱口而出。

例如,本期剧本背诵的第一句话,i really appreciate you taking the time to do this。初学者,整句作为一个单元背诵下来,知道在别人花时间帮了你一个忙的时候对他/她说这句话。搭建场景,mary 帮你找了半天你的报告,你应该可以对她说这句话,一个词都不用改。

如果你没有讲英语的朋友,你想象有个讲英文的朋友叫mary,她帮了你,你要对她表示感谢,你会双眼看着她,面带微笑,有可能还拉着她的手,对她说,i really appreciate you taking the time to do this。通常,你将收到的回答就是我们背诵的第二句,not at all, happy to do it.

高级学习者,不要再说老土的thank you very much了,来这句又高级又有感情交流的i really appreciate sb doing sth。不但可以感谢说话的对方,还可以向对方表达对第三方的感谢。 比如,i really appreciate him telling me the truth。i really appreciate my parents having pushed me so hard when i was a kid。

描述身边事物

这个方法不需要大块时间,也不受你所在位置的限制,你

可以随时随地使用此方法。描述身边事物,有什么说什么。在组织复杂句子之前选择用简单句快速表达,有助于提高英语反应速度,逐渐转换使用英语思考。

第一步,描述存在。常用there be句型,have 句型。

第二步,描述特性。常用形容词。第二步是第一步的扩展,通常用简单句,快速表达意图。

第三步,组织复杂句子。

描述一件物品,例如:

第一步,看见什么说什么

there is a couch in the room.

第二步,描述特性

the couch in the room is red, old and the cover is cotton, and it is enough for 3 people. there is a ketchup stain on the left side arm.

第三步,组织句子

there is a red, old cotton couch in the room which is enough for 3 people and with a ketchup stain on the left side arm.

描述人物,例如:

第一步,描述存在

there is a man.

第二步,描述特性

he stands behind the door. he has a glass of beer in his hand. he has black hair. he is in his middle age. he wears a black long jacket. it looks like he is waiting for somebody.

第三步,组织句子

a black haired, middle aged man in a black long jacket behind the door with a glass of beer in his hand is waiting for somebody.

越来越觉得夏洛克上身了有没有?

使用单语字典

使用单语字典最大的好处是你能了解词的出处,知道本义。另一个好处是可以帮助你逐渐养成使用第二语言思考的习惯,在交谈过程中省略翻译的步骤。此外,单语字典可以用来学习解释和下定义,这些技巧在日常对话中也会经常用到。

一个例子:

how powerful would our world be if we had kids who were not afraid to take risks, who were not afraid to think and who had a champion. every child deserves a champion, an adult who will never give up on them, who understands the power of connection, and insists that they become the best that they can possibly be.

— ted演讲

champion的中文解释:

冠军/拥护者/捍卫者/支持者—金山词霸

如果选择翻译为冠军,上面的整段话就变得没有逻辑。而中文里面的拥护者和捍卫者的意思是很高大上的,需要拥护捍卫某党派的领导,拥护什么方针政策。所以可以选择支持者。

champion的英文解释:

a champion is the winner of a competition.

例 we’re the soccer champions this year.

you can also be a champion without winning a competition, just by being good at something.

例 he’s a champion reader.

another kind of champion is a person who works hard to protect or support something.

例 martin luther king, jr. was a champion of civil rights.

–merriam-webster’s first dictionary

上段中的champion就是第三个意思:一个人,他努力保护和支持着什么,与中文里的捍卫者/拥护者/支持者并不对等。而在演讲中的意思就更不是一个词可以表达的了。

读第一人称小说

以第一人称书写的小说通常会描述主人公的思想,发生在主人公身上的事情,他对事件的态度,以及他采取的行动。这些正好就是我们要向别人说的语言,我怎么想,我为什么那么做,发生了什么事儿,我对某件事儿的看法等等。

一个例子:

after high school came four years in one of the best colleges in the country where drinking seemed to be a major extra-curricular activity. almost everyone seemed to do it.(时间地点和背景) i did it more and more(我做了什么), and had lots of fun without much grief, either physical or financial. i seemed to be able to snap back the next morning better than most of my fellow drinkers, who were cursed with great deal of morning-after nausea.(我怎么想)

—alcoholics anonymous

如果直接阅读有困难,可以先找到小说的中文版本,了解大概情节,来辅助英文阅读。建议每天坚持阅读20分钟以上。

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